Python中如何写控制台进度条的整理

进度条和一般的print区别在哪里呢?

答案就是print会输出一个\n,也就是换行符,这样光标移动到了下一行行首,接着输出,之前已经通过stdout输出的东西依旧保留,而且保证我们在下面看到最新的输出结果。

进度条不然,我们必须再原地输出才能保证他是一个进度条,否则换行了怎么还叫进度条?

最简单的办法就是,再输出完毕后,把光标移动到行首,继续在那里输出更长的进度条即可实现,新的更长的进度条把旧的短覆盖,就形成了动画效果。

可以想到那个转义符了吧,那就是 \r。

转义符\r就可以把光标移动到行首而不换行,转义符\n就把光标移动到行首并且换行。

在python中,输出stdout(标准输出)可以使用sys.stdout.write
例如:

[python]#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding=utf-8 -*-
#Using GPL v2
#Author: [email protected]
##2010-10-27 22:07
"""
Usage:
Just A Template
"""
from __future__ import division

import sys,time
j = '#'
if __name__ == '__main__':
for i in range(1,61):
j += '#'
sys.stdout.write(str(int((i/60)*100))+'% ||'+j+'->'+"\r")
sys.stdout.flush()
time.sleep(0.5)
print[/python]

第二种思路是用转义符\b
转义符\b是退格键,也就是说把输出的光标往回退格子,这样就可以不用+=了,例如:

[python]#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding=utf-8 -*-
#Using GPL v2
#Author: [email protected]
#2010-10-27 22:07
"""
Usage:
Just A Template
"""
from __future__ import division

import sys,time
if __name__ == '__main__':
for i in range(1,61):
sys.stdout.write('#'+'->'+"\b\b")
sys.stdout.flush()
time.sleep(0.5)
print[/python]

光标回退2格,写个#再回退,再写,达到增长的目的了


不过写这么多似乎是废话,在耳边常常听到一句话:那就是不要重复造轮子。实际上python有丰富发lib帮你实现这个东西,你完全可以把心思放在逻辑开发上而不用注意这些小细节

下面要介绍的就是这个类“progressbar”(http://code.google.com/p/python-progressbar/),使用easy_install可以方便的安装这可个类库,其实就一个文件,拿过来放到文件同一个目录下面也直接可以import过来

下面就是基本使用举例:

[python]#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding=utf-8 -*-
#Using GPL v2
#Author: [email protected]
#2010-10-27 22:53
"""
Usage:
Just A Template
"""
from __future__ import division

import sys,time
from progressbar import *
total = 1000

#基本用法
progress = ProgressBar()
for i in progress(range(total)):
time.sleep(0.01)

pbar = ProgressBar().start()
for i in range(1,1000):
pbar.update(int((i/(total-1))*100))
time.sleep(0.01)
pbar.finish()

#高级用法
widgets = ['Progress: ', Percentage(), ' ', Bar(marker=RotatingMarker('>-=')),
' ', ETA(), ' ', FileTransferSpeed()]
pbar = ProgressBar(widgets=widgets, maxval=10000000).start()
for i in range(1000000):
# do something
pbar.update(10*i+1)
time.sleep(0.0001)
pbar.finish()[/python]


官方示例下载,移步这里:http://code.google.com/p/python-progressbar/source/browse/progressbar/examples.py


再发一个类:
[python]#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding=utf-8 -*-
#Using GPL v2
#Author: [email protected]
#2010-10-30 13:59
"""
Usage:
Just A Template
"""
class progressbarClass:
def __init__(self, finalcount, progresschar=None):
import sys
self.finalcount=finalcount
self.blockcount=0
#
# See if caller passed me a character to use on the
# progress bar (like "*"). If not use the block
# character that makes it look like a real progress
# bar.
#
if not progresschar: self.block=chr(178)
else: self.block=progresschar
#
# Get pointer to sys.stdout so I can use the write/flush
# methods to display the progress bar.
#
self.f=sys.stdout
#
# If the final count is zero, don't start the progress gauge
#
if not self.finalcount : return
self.f.write('\n------------------- % Progress -------------------\n')
return

def progress(self, count):
#
# Make sure I don't try to go off the end (e.g. >100%)
#
count=min(count, self.finalcount)
#
# If finalcount is zero, I'm done
#
if self.finalcount:
percentcomplete=int(round(100*count/self.finalcount))
if percentcomplete < 1: percentcomplete=1
else:
percentcomplete=100

#print "percentcomplete=",percentcomplete
blockcount=int(percentcomplete/2)
#print "blockcount=",blockcount
if blockcount > self.blockcount:
for i in range(self.blockcount,blockcount):
self.f.write(self.block)
self.f.flush()

if percentcomplete == 100: self.f.write("\n")
self.blockcount=blockcount
return

if __name__ == "__main__":
from time import sleep
pb=progressbarClass(8,"*")
count=0
while count<9:
count+=1
pb.progress(count)
sleep(0.2)
[/python]

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